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Review: Treatment of neuromyelitis optica: Current debate

Department of Neurology, Musashi Hospital, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan

Masafumi Ogawa

Department of Neurology, Musashi Hospital, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan

Youwei Lin

Department of Immunology, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan

Miho Murata

Department of Neurology, Musashi Hospital, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan

Sachiko Miyake

Department of Immunology, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan

Takashi Yamamura

Department of Immunology, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan, yamamura{at}ncnp.go.jp

Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is an inflammatory demyelinating disease that largely affects optic nerves and spinal cord. Recent studies have identified an elevation of serum anti-aquaporin 4 antibody as a hallmark of NMO. Typical cases of NMO significantly differ from multiple sclerosis (MS) in immunological markers, histopathology, and responses to therapy. In fact, plasma exchange may be more efficacious for NMO than MS, whereas interferon-β is recommended for MS but not for NMO. An emerging idea that pathogenesis of NMO may involve an interaction of the newly identified helper T cell subset, Th17, with B cells offers potential targets of therapy.

Key Words: neuromyelitis optica • multiple sclerosis • Th17 cells • anti-aquaporin-4 antibody • interferon-β

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Therapeutic Advances in Neurological Disorders, Vol. 1, No. 1, 43-52 (2008)
DOI: 10.1177/1756285608093978


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This Article Abstract Free Full Text (Free PDF) Free Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Alert me to new issues of the journal Add to Saved Citations Download to citation manager Request Permissions Request Reprints Add to My Marked Citations Citing Articles Citing Articles via Google Scholar Citing Articles via Scopus Google Scholar Articles by Okamoto, T. Articles by Yamamura, T. Search for Related Content Social Bookmarking                         What's this?